Overview
Smoke Hole Canyon is the geologically distinct counterpart to the sandstone highlands of Monongahela National Forest. Where most of the forest occupies sandstone and shale geology, the South Branch Potomac River has carved Smoke Hole Canyon through a band of soluble limestone, creating a narrow gorge with vertical bluffs and a river corridor fundamentally different in character from the rest of the forest. The limestone supports different plants, different cave formations, and most significantly for many visitors a river fishery of the first order.
The South Branch of the Potomac River runs cold and clear through the canyon, with a gravel and boulder bottom that smallmouth bass find ideal. The river is one of the most productive bass fisheries in West Virginia, and the canyon section receives less pressure than more accessible reaches. The trail follows the river upstream through the canyon, staying close to the water with views up to the limestone bluffs rising on both sides.
At 400 feet of elevation gain over 6 miles, the Smoke Hole Canyon Trail is notably easier than most Monongahela routes. The terrain follows the river grade, with elevation gained gradually as the trail moves upstream. This makes it a good option for those who want the forest experience without the significant climbing demands of the high-elevation trails.
The Route
Miles 0 to 2: From the parking area off County Route 2/8, the trail follows the river upstream through riparian forest. Sycamore, silver maple, and ironwood dominate the floodplain. The river is visible throughout this section and several bank access points allow fishing stops.
Miles 2 to 3.5: The canyon narrows and the limestone bluffs become more prominent on both sides. This is the most scenic section of the trail. The river enters a section of Class I-II rapids here; the sound of water over rock is constant.
Miles 3.5 to 6 (return): The turnaround point is near a secondary forest road crossing. Return on the same path.
When to Visit
April through November is the main season. Spring is excellent for fishing and wildflowers in the riparian zone. Fall color on the canyon walls is good in mid-October. Summer is warm but the canyon provides some shade and the river access offers cooling. Check conditions in spring when the river can run high and briefly flood the trail.
What to Bring
- Many hikers carry 1.5 liters. River water is available if treated. Individual needs vary.
- A West Virginia fishing license if planning to fish
- Quick-drying footwear if wading
- Tick repellent from April through October
Practical Details
No restrooms at the trailhead. No fee (as of 2026). Dispersed camping permitted. Follow Leave No Trace principles. Practice proper food storage if camping overnight.
See the veteran benefits guide if you hold a veteran or military pass the America the Beautiful pass may cover fees at some Monongahela facilities.
Getting There
From Petersburg, West Virginia, take County Route 2/8 south approximately 5 miles into the Smoke Hole Canyon area. The trailhead parking area is on the right (west) side of the road near the river. Petersburg is in Grant County on US-220, approximately 60 miles southeast of Elkins. GPS coordinates are approximately 38.90°N, 79.30°W.