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Sumter National Forest

South Carolina · 7 min read

State: South Carolina
Acres: 371,000
Established: 1936
Best Season: March through November
Trail Miles: 300 mi
Wilderness Areas: 1
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HikingBackpackingFishingKayakingCanoeingRaftingCampingWildlife viewingBirdingHuntingSwimmingPhotography

At a Glance

  • Chattooga Wild and Scenic River, one of the Southeast's most celebrated whitewater rivers
  • Andrew Pickens District: Appalachian foothills terrain with waterfalls and rugged ridge hiking
  • Ellicott Rock Wilderness, where South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia share a tri-state boundary
  • King Creek Falls, a 70-foot plunge waterfall accessible by short trail
  • Long Cane and Enoree Districts: Piedmont and coastal plain forests with longleaf pine restoration

Permits & Passes

Day Hiking and Dispersed CampingOptional

Free (as of 2026)

Developed Campground SitesRequired

$10-20/night (as of 2026)

Details
Commercial Whitewater Outfitter PermitsRequired

Outfitter-dependent (as of 2026)

Details

Federal Discount Passes

  • Military Annual PassFree — active duty & veterans
  • Senior Pass$20 lifetime — ages 62+
  • Access PassFree lifetime — permanent disability
Learn more →

Sumter National Forest covers three separate districts across South Carolina, each with a distinct character. The Andrew Pickens District in the northwest corner of the state occupies the Appalachian foothills where the Blue Ridge descends into the Piedmont, a landscape of forested ridges, clear mountain streams, waterfalls, and the Chattooga Wild and Scenic River. The Long Cane and Enoree Districts to the east cover the rolling Piedmont plateau and the beginning of the coastal plain, with pine and hardwood forest quite different from the foothills terrain to the west.

For most hikers, Sumter means the Andrew Pickens District. The combination of the Chattooga River, Ellicott Rock Wilderness, the Foothills Trail, and a density of accessible waterfalls makes this the most compelling section for recreation. Walhalla, South Carolina, serves as the gateway community, a small town with the practical supplies needed before heading into the forest.

Why Sumter Stands Out

Chattooga Wild and Scenic River. The Chattooga forms the border between South Carolina and Georgia along the Andrew Pickens District, running through one of the least-developed river corridors in the Southeast. Congress designated it a Wild and Scenic River in 1974, one of the first in the region to receive that protection. The river is known for its challenging whitewater (Class III-V on Section III and IV), but it is also a premier trout fishery on the upper reaches and a scenic hiking corridor along the Chattooga River Trail. Swimming is popular at designated areas along the calmer upper section.

Ellicott Rock Wilderness. The 9,012-acre wilderness sits at the point where South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia meet, deep in the Chattooga headwaters. The forest here escaped logging in the early 20th century and has recovered to a mature hardwood character, with tulip poplar, white oak, and eastern hemlock in the coves and ridges. The Ellicott Rock itself, a stone marking the tri-state junction identified in 1811, is accessible by a trail that crosses the Chattooga into the wilderness.

Waterfalls of the Andrew Pickens District. The foothills terrain and significant annual rainfall (50 to 60 inches) create conditions for waterfalls on nearly every significant stream. King Creek Falls is the most visited, dropping 70 feet over a wide ledge in a short hike from the Burrells Ford area. The Foothills Trail passes several others along its route through the district.

Best Trails

The Chattooga River Trail (11 miles one way, moderate) is the signature route of the Andrew Pickens District, following the river through wild and forested canyon country from Burrell Ford downstream toward Lick Log Creek. The King Creek Falls Trail (2 miles, easy) is the most popular short hike in the forest, reaching the 70-foot falls through a pleasant creek bottom.

The Ellicott Rock Wilderness Trail (4 miles, moderate) crosses the Chattooga River and reaches the tri-state boundary marker through old-growth cove hardwood forest. The Foothills Trail: Andrew Pickens Section (14 miles, moderate-hard) is a challenging multi-day route through the most rugged terrain in the forest.

The Spoonauger Falls Trail (1.5 miles, easy) reaches a beautiful 50-foot cascade near Burrells Ford. The Long Cane Creek Trail (6 miles, moderate) explores the Piedmont Long Cane District in a creek-bottom hardwood forest. The Enoree Passage Trail (8 miles, moderate) covers the Palmetto Trail section through the Enoree District. The Winding Stairs Trail (5 miles, moderate-hard) climbs a steep ridge in the Andrew Pickens foothills with views into the Chattooga drainage.

Permits and Passes

No permit is required for day hiking or dispersed camping in Sumter National Forest. Developed campgrounds charge a fee (as of 2026). Commercial whitewater outfitters on the Chattooga require USFS permits; individual paddlers do not. The America the Beautiful pass covers day use fees at developed recreation areas. Veterans and active military have additional options in our veteran benefits guide.

Swimming is restricted to designated areas on the Chattooga River; several areas are closed for safety. Check current regulations and fire restrictions at the USFS Sumter website or our checking conditions guide.

Camping

Cherry Hill Campground (28 sites) is the primary developed campground in the Andrew Pickens District, about 10 miles from Walhalla on SC-107. It provides vault toilets and is a good base for day hiking to King Creek Falls and other nearby trails. Reservations available through Recreation.gov in summer.

Burrells Ford Campground (30 sites) sits directly on the Chattooga River at the access point for the Ellicott Rock Wilderness and King Creek Falls. Walk-in tent sites and limited drive-up sites; first-come, first-served. Open year-round.

Woods Ferry Recreation Area (12 sites) is in the Long Cane District, providing dispersed camping with minimal facilities for hikers on the Piedmont section.

Dispersed camping is permitted throughout national forest land at least 200 feet from water and the Chattooga River. The Chattooga has specific restrictions on camping; consult the Andrew Pickens Ranger District before planning a riverside camp.

When to Visit

March through May is the best season for wildflowers. The cove hardwood forests in the foothills have an extraordinary spring ephemeral display, including trillium, hepatica, bloodroot, and jack-in-the-pulpit. Waterfalls are fullest from March through May. Temperatures are comfortable, and the Chattooga has good paddling water levels.

June through August bring summer heat and humidity typical of the Carolina Piedmont. The forest's elevation (1,500 to 3,500 feet in the Andrew Pickens District) provides some relief. Swimming at Burrells Ford and other designated spots on the Chattooga is popular in summer. Thunderstorm frequency peaks in July and August.

September and October are arguably the best hiking months: lower humidity, comfortable temperatures (60s to 70s), and fall color from late October through mid-November. The forest receives fewer visitors than in spring.

Winter (December through February) is mild by most national forest standards, with occasional ice storms and snow at higher elevations. The trails are hikeable most days, and the bare trees open up views that are hidden in summer. Waterfalls are active during winter rains.

Getting There

From Greenville: Take US-25 south and west through Greenwood and Abbeville, or US-123 west toward Walhalla. The Andrew Pickens District headquarters is in Walhalla. Allow about 1 hour.

From Asheville, NC: Cross the state line on US-276 south toward Caesar's Head or US-64 west toward Brevard and SC-11. The drive to Walhalla from Asheville takes about 1.25 hours.

From Atlanta, GA: Take I-85 north to GA-17 north toward Clayton, then SC-28 north or US-76 east toward Walhalla. Allow about 2 hours from Atlanta.

Practical Tips

Chattooga River swimming: The Chattooga is cold and fast even at designated swimming areas. Several drowning incidents have occurred at unapproved swimming locations. Follow USFS-designated swimming area guidance strictly.

Copperhead and timber rattlesnake populations are present in the Andrew Pickens foothills, particularly in rocky terrain and along stream corridors. Follow USFS guidance on snake encounters: observe from a safe distance and stay on trail in rocky areas.

Ticks are common from March through October. Black-legged ticks (Lyme disease vector) and lone star ticks are both present in the Carolina Piedmont. Wear insect repellent and do thorough tick checks after hikes. Consult CDC tick prevention resources.

Leave no trace principles apply throughout, particularly near the Chattooga River corridor and the Ellicott Rock Wilderness, where visitor concentration is higher. The Leave No Trace seven principles cover everything relevant to visiting this forest. Review our checking conditions guide for current trail and river conditions.

Trail Guides

moderatepoint-to-point

Chattooga River Trail

11 mi1,200 ft gain
March through November

An 11-mile one-way route along the Chattooga Wild and Scenic River in Sumter National Forest, through old-growth cove forest and river canyon with one of the Southeast's most storied whitewater rivers.

4 min read

moderateout-and-back

Ellicott Rock Wilderness Trail

4 mi400 ft gain
March through November

A 4-mile round trip to the tri-state boundary marker of South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia in the Ellicott Rock Wilderness of Sumter National Forest, through old-growth cove hardwood forest.

3 min read

moderatepoint-to-point

Enoree Passage Trail

8 mi500 ft gain
March through November

An 8-mile section of the Palmetto Trail through Sumter National Forest's Enoree District, covering rolling Piedmont terrain with pine and hardwood forest and good birding.

3 min read

moderate-hardpoint-to-point

Foothills Trail: Andrew Pickens Section

14 mi2,800 ft gain
March through November

A 14-mile challenging section of South Carolina's Foothills Trail through Sumter National Forest's Andrew Pickens District, with ridge traverses, waterfalls, and the most demanding terrain in the forest.

3 min read

easyout-and-back

King Creek Falls Trail

2 mi200 ft gain
Year-round

An easy 2-mile out-and-back to the 70-foot King Creek Falls in Sumter National Forest's Andrew Pickens District, the most visited waterfall hike in the South Carolina national forest.

3 min read

moderateout-and-back

Long Cane Creek Trail

6 mi350 ft gain
March through November

A 6-mile out-and-back in Sumter National Forest's Long Cane District, following a Piedmont creek through hardwood forest with wildflowers, songbirds, and a different character from the foothills.

3 min read

easyout-and-back

Spoonauger Falls Trail

1.5 mi150 ft gain
Year-round

A 1.5-mile out-and-back to the 50-foot Spoonauger Falls in Sumter National Forest, a lesser-visited waterfall near Burrells Ford with a beautiful two-tiered cascade.

3 min read

moderate-hardout-and-back

Winding Stairs Trail

5 mi1,100 ft gain
March through November

A 5-mile out-and-back climbing a steep ridge in Sumter National Forest's Andrew Pickens District, with views into the Chattooga watershed and one of the most demanding ascents in the forest.

3 min read

Campgrounds

Cherry Hill Campground

28 sitesReservable$18/night (as of 2026)April through November

Burrells Ford Campground

30 sitesFirst-come$12/night (as of 2026)Year-round

Woods Ferry Recreation Area

12 sitesFirst-come$10/night (as of 2026)Year-round

Getting There

Walhalla
15 miles25 minutes
Greenville
55 miles1 hour
Greenwood
60 miles1 hour

More in the Southeast

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Chattooga River famous for?
The Chattooga Wild and Scenic River is one of the most celebrated whitewater rivers in the eastern United States, with Class III through V rapids on its lower sections. It became nationally famous after the 1972 film 'Deliverance' was filmed here. The upper sections are calmer and popular for fishing and flatwater paddling. The river forms the boundary between South Carolina and Georgia through much of the Andrew Pickens District.
Where is Ellicott Rock Wilderness?
Ellicott Rock Wilderness sits at the tri-state junction of South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia within the Chattooga River watershed. The 9,012-acre wilderness protects a section of the Chattooga headwaters in old-growth hardwood forest. The actual Ellicott Rock marks the point where the three states meet, identified by surveyor Andrew Ellicott in 1811. It is accessible by trail from Burrells Ford Campground.
Is the Sumter National Forest good for waterfall hiking?
Yes. The Andrew Pickens District in the Appalachian foothills has numerous waterfalls within a short drive, including King Creek Falls (70 feet), Spoonauger Falls, and several others along the Foothills Trail. The elevation and rainfall in the foothills create conditions for a good density of waterfalls relative to trail mileage.
What is the Foothills Trail?
The Foothills Trail is a 77-mile long-distance trail connecting Table Rock State Park to Oconee State Park through the Blue Ridge foothills of South Carolina. A significant portion passes through Sumter National Forest's Andrew Pickens District, including sections with waterfalls, Chattooga River crossings, and ridge terrain.
Federal Discount Passes

Free and Discounted Entry for Qualified Visitors

Military Annual Pass

Active duty & veterans (any discharge except dishonorable)

Free · Annual

Senior Pass

U.S. citizens or permanent residents age 62+

$20 · Lifetime

Access Pass

Permanent disability (includes 50% off many camping fees)

Free · Lifetime
Get passes at any ranger station or store.usgs.gov/passLearn more →